The purpose of this article is to provide new users with a menu of ways that this database can be used and that help scaffold the journey of becoming an experienced user. There are two aspects to the journey. The first is the obvious one of building familiarity for the 18 search categories (e.g. Teacher Concerns, Classroom Practices) and the 301 search fields that are clustered in these 18 drop-down menus. This sort of journey applies to almost any piece of software; we expected it and there is no substitute for hands-on practice here.
We did not anticipate the second aspect of the journey, though with hindsight we should have. This is the extent to which the ways of using the database reflect the ways by which involvement in PEEL causes teachers to create new ways of thinking about their teaching and hence or organising their knowledge about teaching.
PEEL began, and maintains, a focus on aspects of learning that (almost always) cross subject boundaries - linking different activities, offering and defending ideas, reflecting on the purpose of task and many others. Moreover, most PEEL groups are cross-faculty groups and, as a consequence, focus on teaching in ways that also cross subject boundaries. Teaching procedures such as Concept Mapping (A1) or Work Out What You Need to Find Out (F1) can be used in most if not all subjects. Similarly, teacher behaviours such as delaying judgement and the 12 (Strategic) Principles of Teaching for Quality Learning can be used in all subjects.
When teachers new to PEEL use PEEL in Practice for the first time, they commonly type in their Year level (if a primary teacher) or their subject area (if a secondary teacher). This is understandable - topics, subjects and Year levels are the frame that most teachers use to organize their teacher knowledge. You can use the database in this way, but it does not make best use of it. What follows, as stated earlier, is intended to provides a scaffold for teachers to move to using the database in ways not tied to subjects and topics. It lists 10 Types of ways of searching the database; the first two (Section 1) are where many new users start, the tenth (Section 3) requires the familiarity with the product that can only come with practice. The middle seven (Section 2) are intended to help people, who are still unfamiliar with the package, use it in ways that reflect the discourse in many PEEL groups.
Focus on subjects or areas of content
1.1 Combine the subject(s) and year levels that you teach at:
e.g. English + Year 7-8
1.2 Enter specific areas of content using keywords:
e.g. coasts or coastlines or coastal
For many users, this sort of search is a necessary beginning: 'What does this look like in my
context?' Answering this question can be a necessary check of validity, however we do
encourage users to move to some of the searches listed below.
2.1 Focus on teaching procedures
2.1.1 Select one Classroom Practice or Teacher Concern, find the teaching procedures
(highlighted in yellow) that are listed and explore those:
e.g. 15 of the 60 articles called up by the Classroom Practice of Drill and Practice are generic
teaching procedures such as A22 Dominos and E6 Reversing the Task; classroom examples
of each of these can be found in Teaching Procedures Groups A and E
2.1.2 Explore a group of Teaching Procedures:
e.g. Group C -Procedures for increasing communication, participation and collaboration.
Moving to thinking about one's teaching practice as an expanding set of generic teaching
procedures is an important step.
2.2 Focus on aspects of learning and teaching in your subject
2.2.1 Select a Teacher Concern that matters to you and see how it has been tackled in your
subject area, by adding your subject:
e.g. Students don't read instructions carefully + Home Economics
2.2.2 Select a Principle of Teaching for Quality Learning that reflects an aspect of teaching
that seems hard or particularly important to do in your subject and see what has been
reported by adding your subject:
e.g. Students rarely contribute ideas + Mathematics
These searches provide a way of building meaning for the different concerns and principles.
2.3 Focus on how issues of learning and teaching vary with different classroom situations
2.3.1 Choose a Classroom Practice where you want to improve learning, decide relevant
Teacher Concerns, and try combinations:
e.g. Practical Work + Students dive into tasks without planning, then Students don't read
instuctions carefully, then Students don't think about how or why they are doing a class.
2.3.2 Select a Teacher Concern, identify the Classroom Practices where this concern is
important to you and try combinations:
e.g. Students don't link school work with outside life + some or all of
Gettingstarted/Introducing new information, Understanding other text material and Class
Discussion.
2.3.3 Choose a Principle of Teaching for Quality Learning that reflects an aspect of your
teaching that you would like to extend, select Classroom Practices where you would like to
display this and try combinations:
e.g. Ask students to work out part of the content +Understanding Other text Material, then
Note Taking.
Now the user is combining two sorts of searches that are independent of topic. This
requires thinking about the issues of learning that are crucial and most prominent in
different classroom practices.
SFor any question, issue or problem, search for relevant search fields from all the 17 search
categories and try appropriate combinations. Two examples:
How can I encourage students to think about purpose and audience when writing; to explore
and experiment with different forms of writing?
I would like to build a collaborative classroom environment; both between students and
teacher and between students and other students.
This sort of search requires a familiarity with the various search categories that comes with practice at the previous sorts of searches. Depending on the question, the user may begin with a practice, principle, concern or group of procedures and then add others.
4.1 Articles coded to Does PEEL work with students? (under some outcomes of PEEL) all
include descriptions or reports of some noticeable changes in students' learning
behaviours. Combining this field with Teacher Concerns such as Students don't learn from
mistakes in assessment tasks selects articles that can help make a case that PEEL can save
time and/or energy and result in worthwhile change. Combining the same search field with
different Principles also calls up articles that help show the value of these principles.
4.2 Combining Principle 9 (Target specific aspects of quality learning) with any teacher
concerns generally calls up articles where the teacher is explicit about tackling that concern.
4.3 Articles coded to Achieving student change (under Strategic advice on sustaining student
change) contain more general advice on planning a longer term strategy to change how
students learn, with several of them being extremely rich in insight. Combining this field with
a concern, a journey of change, a principle, or a classroom practice can yield a somewhat
different type of advice. Articles coded to any of the Ten journeys of change also have a
strategic focus on building change.